Header
About this publication
Preface
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, abbreviated terms and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
3.3 Symbols
4 Numbering of refrigerants
4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6
4.2.7
4.2.8
4.2.9
4.2.10
4.2.11
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.2.1
4.3.2.2
4.3.2.3
4.3.2.4
4.3.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.5
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.6.3
5 Designation prefixes
5.1 General prefixes
5.2 Composition-designating prefixes
6 Safety classifications
6.1 General
6.1.1 Safety classification — Composition
6.1.2 Toxicity classification
6.1.3 Flammability classification — General
6.1.3.1 Flammability classification
6.1.3.2 Class 1 (no flame propagation)
6.1.3.3 Class 2L (lower flammability)
6.1.3.4 Class 2 (flammable)
6.1.3.5 Class 3 (higher flammability)
6.1.3.6 LFL or ETFL
6.1.3.7 Heat of combustion
6.1.3.7.1
6.1.3.7.2
6.2 Matrix diagram of safety group classification system
7 Refrigerant classifications
8 Refrigerant concentration limit (RCL)
8.1 General
8.1.1 General
8.1.1.1 Acute-toxicity exposure limit (ATEL)
8.1.1.2 Mortality
8.1.1.3 Cardiac sensitization
8.1.1.4 Anaesthetic or central nervous system (CNS) effects
8.1.1.5 Other escape-impairing symptoms and permanent injury
8.1.2 Oxygen deprivation limit (ODL)
8.1.3 Flammable concentration limit (FCL)
8.2 Data for calculations
8.2.1 Data sources
8.2.1.1
8.2.1.2
8.2.1.3
8.2.1.4
8.2.2 Consistent measures
8.3 Contaminants and impurities
8.4 Conversion of units — Volumic mass and altitude adjustment
Annex A
A.1 Ethane series isomers
A.2 Propane series isomers
A.3 Propene series isomers
A.4 Example of stereoisomers
Annex B
B.1 Flammability testing
B.1.1 Test conditions
B.1.2
B.1.3
B.1.4
B.1.5
B.1.6
B.1.7
B.1.8
B.2 Fractionation analysis
B.2.1
B.2.2
B.2.3
B.2.4
B.2.4.1
B.2.4.2
B.2.5
Annex C
C.1 General
C.2 Principle of the test method
C.3 Measurements
C.3.1 General
C.3.2 Flame propagation velocity
C.3.3 Flame front area
C.3.4 Cross-sectional area of the flame base
C.4 Test method and apparatus description
C.4.1 Gas handling and mixtures preparation
C.4.2 The test tube
C.4.2.1 Dimensions
C.4.2.2 Position
C.4.2.3 Tube ends
C.4.2.4 Interchangeable damping orifices
C.4.2.5 Flame quenching
C.4.2.6 Tube glass type
C.4.2.7 Tube purging with test mixture
C.4.2.8 Tube etching
C.4.3 Ignition
C.4.3.1 Ignition type
C.4.3.2 Positioning
C.4.3.3 Electrodes
C.4.3.4 Power supply
C.4.3.5 Ignition time
C.4.4 Flame front visualization
C.4.4.1 Luminous zone and direct photography
C.4.4.2 Flame emission spectra
C.4.4.3 Acquisition camera
C.4.4.4 Exposure time
C.4.4.5 Positioning
C.4.4.6 Scaling and optical distortion
C.4.4.7 Resolution of the flame images
C.4.5 Purge, exhaust and gas treatment systems
C.4.6 Test temperature setting
C.4.7 Experimental protocol
C.5 Evaluation and expression of results
C.5.1 Uncertainty
C.5.1.1 Uncertainty in the burning velocity
C.5.1.2 Uncertainty estimation of concentrations
C.6 Safety precautions
C.6.1
C.6.2
C.6.3
C.6.4
C.6.5
C.6.6
C.7 Overview on flame shape, propagation regimes and stability
C.7.1 Flame shape
C.7.2 Flame propagation regimes
C.7.3 Flame stability in tubes
C.7.4 Observations of flames in tubes
C.7.5 Flame quenching in circular tubes
C.7.6 Flame propagation velocity and tube diameter
C.7.7 Flame area calculation
Annex D
D.1 Calculation of RCL and ATEL for blends
D.2 To convert parts per million [ppm1)] to milligram per cubic metre (mg/m3) for each component n at 25 °C
D.3 To convert milligram per cubic metre (mg/m3) to parts per million (ppm) for each component n at 25 °C
D.4 Example: ATEL calculation for R-410A (50 % mass fraction R-32/50 % mass fraction R-125)
D.5 RCL for R-410A
Annex E
Annex F
F.1 General
F.2 Eligibility
F.2.1 Applicants
F.2.2 Fee
F.2.3 Timing
F.2.4 Precedence
F.2.5 Amendments
F.2.6 Blends
F.2.6.1 Components
F.2.6.2 Single application
F.2.7 Confidentiality
F.3 Organization and content
F.4 Cover
F.5 Administrative information
F.5.1 Applicant identification
F.5.2 Data certification
F.5.3 Designation and classification certification
F.6 Designation information
F.6.1 Refrigerant identification
F.6.1.1
F.6.1.2
F.6.2 Refrigerant data
F.6.2.1 Individual compounds
F.6.2.2 Azeotropic blends
F.6.2.3 Zeotropic blends
F.6.2.4 Refrigerants with low critical temperatures
F.6.2.5 Critical point for blends
F.7 Toxicity information
F.7.1 Acute toxicity
F.7.2 Chronic toxicity
F.7.3 Material safety data sheets (MSDSs)
F.8 Flammability information
F.9 Auto-ignition temperature
F.10 Submission
F.10.1 Language
F.10.2 Units
F.10.3 Form
F.10.4 Recipient
F.10.5 Elaborate applications
Bibliography
