Header
About this publication
PREFACE
FOREWORD
1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
1.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.4 MEASUREMENT OF PIPE LENGTH
1.5 PIPE GRADES
2 MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS
2.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
2.2 AUTHORIZATION
2.3 SELECTION AND USE
2.4 LIMITATIONS ON USE OF PIPES AND FITTINGS FOR NON-PRESSURE APPLICATIONS
2.4.1 Copper pipes
2.4.2 Copper fittings
2.4.3 Copper alloy pipes and fittings
2.4.4 Galvanized steel
2.4.5 Glass
2.4.6 Glass-filament-reinforced thermosetting plastic (GRP) pipes
2.4.6.1 Specifications
2.4.6.2 Limitations on use
2.4.7 ‘Not used’
2.4.8 Polypropylene pipes and fittings
2.4.9 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (UPVC)
2.4.10 Fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) pipes
2.4.11 Vitrified clay
2.4.12 High density polyethylene (HDPE)
2.4.13 Stainless steel pipes and fittings
2.5 PIPES AND FITTINGS FOR PRESSURE APPLICATIONS
2.6 SHEET
2.6.1 Copper
2.6.1.1 Specification
2.6.1.2 Limitations on use
2.6.2 Copper alloy
2.6.3 Stainless steel
2.7 JOINTING COMPONENTS
2.7.1 Rubber rings
2.7.2 Rubber gaskets
2.7.3 Silver brazing alloy
2.7.4 Solvent cement and priming fluid
2.8 CONCRETE AND MORTAR
2.8.1 Cement
2.8.2 Fine aggregate (sand)
2.8.3 Coarse aggregate (metal)
2.8.4 Concrete mix
2.8.5 Cement mortar
2.8.6 Chemical admixtures
2.8.7 Water for concrete and mortar
2.8.8 Steel reinforcement
2.9 MISCELLANEOUS
2.9.1 Timber
2.9.2 Epoxy resins
2.9.3 Pipe bedding
2.9.4 Backfill
2.9.5 External protective coatings
2.9.6 Fibreglass reinforced plastic tanks
2.9.7 Geotextiles
3 DRAINAGE DESIGN
3.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
3.2 LOCATION OF DRAINS
3.3 SIZE OF DRAINS
3.3.1 Fixture unit loading
3.3.2 Main drain
3.3.3 Branch drains
3.3.4 Limitations on branch drains
3.3.5 Use of eccentric taper fitting
3.3.6 Size change
3.3.7 Downstream of boundary trap
3.3.8 Oversizing of drains
3.4 GRADES OF DRAINS
3.4.1 Minimum grade
3.4.2 Reduced grades
3.4.3 Steep grades
3.4.4 Anchor blocks
3.5 LAYING OF DRAINS
3.5.1 General
3.5.2 Easements and watercourses
3.5.3 Public roads and rights of way
3.6 PROXIMITY TO OTHER SERVICES
3.7 DEPTH OF COVER
3.7.1 General
3.7.2 Drains with adequate cover
3.7.3 Drains without adequate cover
3.7.4 Drains under buildings
3.8 BUILDING OVER DRAINS
3.8.1 Alterations and additions to buildings
3.8.2 Drains in proximity to footings and foundations
3.8.3 Fixture connections to vitrified clay drains under buildings
3.9 VENTING OF DRAINS
3.9.1 General
3.9.2 Location
3.9.2.1 Upstream vent
3.9.2.2 Downstream vent
3.9.2.3 Low level vent (ground vent)
3.9.3 Size of drainage vents
3.9.3.1 Minimum size
3.9.3.2 Rating of vents
3.9.3.3 Connection of vent to drain
3.9.3.4 Water closet pans in toilet blocks
3.10 UNVENTED BRANCH DRAINS
3.10.1 General
3.10.2 Sizing
3.10.3 Maximum length
3.10.4 Vertical sections
3.10.5 Connection of fixture discharge pipes
3.11 UNVENTED DRAINS DISCHARGING TO GULLIES
3.11.1 General
3.11.2 Length of unvented section
3.12 INLET PIPE TO DISCONNECTOR GULLY
3.13 RESTRICTION ON CONNECTIONS IN PROXIMITY TO A STACK
3.14 RE-USE OF EXISTING DRAINS
3.15 DRAINS IN CARAVAN PARKS
3.15.1 General
3.15.2 Soil waste dump points
3.15.3 Connection points for short-term sites
3.15.4 Relocatable dwellings located on long-term sites
3.16 VACUUM SYSTEMS
3.17 COMMON EFFLUENT DRAINAGE SYSTEM
3.17.1 General
3.17.2 Drainage connections
3.17.3 Septic tanks
3.17.4 Sullage tanks
4 DRAINAGE SYSTEM
4.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
4.2 POINT OF CONNECTION
4.2.1 General
4.2.2 Protection of sewers
4.2.3 Tidal or water-charged locations
4.3 DRAINS
4.3.1 Below ground
4.3.2 Above ground under buildings
4.3.3 Changes of direction
4.4 INSPECTION SHAFTS AND BOUNDARY TRAPS
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Inspection shafts and boundary trap risers
4.4.2.1 Installation
4.4.2.2 Location
4.4.2.3 Alternative locations
4.4.3 Installation of inspection shafts
4.4.3.1 General
4.4.3.2 Size
4.4.4 Installation of boundary traps
4.4.4.1 Outside buildings
4.4.4.2 Inside buildings
4.4.4.3 Size
4.5 REFLUX VALVES
4.5.1 Location
4.5.2 Installation
4.5.3 Surcharging sewer
4.5.4 Reflux valve chambers
4.6 GULLIES
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Installation
4.6.3 Maintenance of water seal
4.6.4 Prohibited discharge
4.6.5 Disconnector gullies inside buildings
4.6.6 Overflow relief gullies
4.6.6.1 General
4.6.6.2 Permitted omission
4.6.6.3 Size
4.6.6.4 Location
4.6.6.5 Alternative locations
4.6.6.6 Height below lowest fixture
4.6.6.7 Height above surrounding ground
4.6.6.8 Height in flood-affected areas
4.6.7 Floor waste gullies
4.6.7.1 General
4.6.7.2 Permitted discharges
4.6.7.3 Connection of fixtures
4.6.7.4 Wastepipes discharging to floor waste gullies (FWG)
4.6.7.5 Prohibited location
4.6.7.6 Removable grate
4.6.7.7 Height of gully riser
4.6.7.8 Discharges from tundishes
4.6.7.9 Size of gully trap outlet
4.6.7.10 Connection of waste pipes
4.6.7.11 Size of waste pipes from fixtures
4.6.8 Charging floor waste gullies
4.6.8.1 General
4.6.8.2 Installation
4.7 INSPECTION OPENINGS (IO)
4.7.1 Location
4.7.1.1 General
4.7.1.2 Australian requirements
4.7.1.3 New Zealand requirements
4.7.2 Size
4.7.3 Types
4.7.4 Access to inspection openings
4.7.5 Sealing
4.8 INSPECTION CHAMBERS
4.8.1 General
4.8.2 Size
4.8.3 Prefabricated chambers
4.8.4 Construction
4.8.4.1 Conduits and channels
4.8.4.2 Jump-ups
4.8.4.3 Ladders
4.8.4.4 Cement rendering
4.8.4.5 Top section
4.8.4.6 Access opening
4.8.4.7 Construction joints
4.8.4.8 Inserts
4.8.5 Differential settlement
4.9 JUNCTIONS IN DRAINS
4.9.1 General
4.9.2 Discharge pipes
4.9.3 Square junctions
4.9.4 Junctions installed in vertical plane
4.10 JUMP-UPS
4.11 DISCONNECTION AND SEALING
4.11.1 Disconnection from the sewer
4.11.2 Sealing
5 EXCAVATION BEDDING SUPPORT AND BACKFILLING
5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
5.2 EXCAVATION OF TRENCHES
5.2.1 Safety
5.2.2 Trench dimensions
5.2.3 Over-excavation
5.2.4 Adjacent to the sewer
5.2.5 Water-charged ground
5.2.6 Shoring and underpinning buildings
5.3 CONCRETE SUPPORT FOR DRAINS
5.4 BEDDING OF DRAINS
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Bedding materials
5.4.3 Pipe side support and overlay materials
5.4.4 Backfill Materials
5.4.5 Minimum Cover
5.5 INSTALLATION OF BACKFILL MATERIALS
5.6 DRAINS IN OTHER THAN STABLE GROUND
6 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR SANITARY PLUMBING SYSTEMS
6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
6.2 FIXTURE UNIT RATINGS
6.3 TRAPPING OF FIXTURES AND APPLIANCES
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Water seal
6.3.3 Location of traps
6.3.4 Multiple outlets
6.3.4.1 General
6.3.4.2 Distance between outlets
6.4 GRADED DISCHARGE PIPES
6.4.1 Minimum grades
6.4.2 Connection methods
6.4.2.1 General
6.4.2.2 Opposed discharges
6.5 JUNCTIONS IN STACKS
6.5.1 Types
6.5.2 Restrictions
6.5.3 Branches DN65 or smaller
6.5.3.1 Same size stack
6.5.3.2 Larger stack
6.5.4 Branches DN80 or larger
6.5.5 Opposed connections
6.5.5.1 At the same level
6.5.5.2 At different levels
6.6 CONNECTIONS NEAR BASE OF STACKS
6.6.1 Connections to drains or graded pipes
6.6.2 Connections above base of stack (see Figure 6.5)
6.6.3 Connection of stacks to drains or graded pipes
6.7 VENTS
6.7.1 Prohibited use
6.7.2 Minimum grade
6.7.3 Interconnections
6.7.4 Termination
6.7.5 Connection to graded pipes
6.8 AIR ADMITTANCE VALVES
6.8.1 Air admittance valves
6.8.1.1 Australia
6.8.1.2 New Zealand
6.8.2 Requirements for use
6.8.3 Location
6.8.4 Installation
7 FULLY VENTED SYSTEMS AND FULLY VENTED MODIFIED SYSTEMS—DESIGN AND INSTALLATION
7.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
7.2 SYSTEM TYPES
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Fully vented system
7.2.3 Fully vented modified system
7.3 SIZE OF DISCHARGE PIPES
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Fixture unit loading
7.3.3 Minimum size
7.3.4 Limitation on DN80 pipes
7.3.5 Oversizing
7.4 SIZE OF STACKS
7.5 TRAP VENTS
7.5.1 Connection for fixtures
7.5.2 Topmost fixture connected to the stack
7.5.3 Size
7.5.4 Installation
7.5.5 Common vent for fixtures
7.6 BRANCH VENTS
7.6.1 Size
7.6.2 Arrangement
7.6.3 Size changes
7.7 RELIEF VENTS
7.7.1 General
7.7.2 At offsets in stacks
7.7.3 Connection
7.7.4 Upper termination
7.7.5 Size
7.8 STACK VENTS
7.8.1 Extension
7.8.2 Developed length
7.9 CROSS-RELIEF VENTS
7.10 HEADER VENTS
7.10.1 General
7.10.2 Sizing
7.11 GROUP AND COMMON VENTS
7.11.1 General
7.11.2 Arrangement
7.11.3 Sizing
7.11.4 Termination
7.11.5 Group-vented branches (see Figure 7.10)
7.11.5.1 Size
7.11.5.2 Arrangement
7.11.5.3 Connection of common discharge pipe
7.11.5.4 Connection of basins and bidets
7.11.5.5 Connection of all other fixtures
7.12 OFFSETS IN STACKS
7.12.1 Steep offsets
7.12.1.1 General
7.12.1.2 Sizing of stack
7.12.1.3 Venting
7.12.2 Graded offsets
7.12.2.1 General
7.12.2.2 Minimum grade
7.12.2.3 Restricted connection zones above the graded offset (see Figure7.13)
7.12.2.4 Restricted connection zone below the graded offset
7.12.2.5 Restricted connection zone within the graded offset (see Figure 7.12)
7.12.2.6 Sizing of stack
7.12.2.7 Venting
8 SINGLE STACK SYSTEMS AND SINGLE STACK MODIFIED SYSTEMS—DESIGN AND INSTALLATION
8.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
8.2 SYSTEM DESIGN
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Single stack systems (see Figure8.1)
8.2.3 Single stack modified system (see Figure8.2)
8.2.4 Design criteria
8.2.5 Number of floor levels (see Figure8.3)
8.3 RATING OF FIXTURES
8.4 FIXTURES PERMITTED TO BE CONNECTED
8.4.1 Domestic or residential buildings
8.4.2 Commercial or industrial buildings
8.5 CONNECTION OF FIXTURES WITHOUT TRAP VENTS
8.5.1 Separate fixture discharge pipes
8.5.2 Variations permitted
8.5.3 Opposed junctions
8.5.4 Bends in fixture discharge pipes
8.5.5 Vertical dropper on fixture discharge pipes
8.5.6 Connection from waste fixtures to stack
8.5.7 Connection from waste fixtures to stack below restricted zone
8.5.8 Floor waste gullies
8.5.9 Traps
8.5.10 Connection of ranges of fixtures
8.5.11 Ranges of basins
8.5.11.1 General
8.5.11.2 Fixture discharge pipe
8.5.11.3 Common discharge pipe
8.5.11.4 Spacing of traps
8.5.12 Ranges of water closet pans
8.5.12.1 General
8.5.12.2 Fixture discharge pipe
8.5.12.3 Common discharge pipes
8.5.12.4 Spacing of traps
8.5.13 Ranges of wall-hung urinals
8.5.13.1 General
8.5.13.2 Fixture discharge pipe
8.5.13.3 Common discharge pipe
8.5.13.4 Spacing of traps
8.6 VENTING OF STACKS
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Cross vents (single stack modified system)
8.6.2.1 General
8.6.2.2 Installation
8.6.3 Relief vents (single stack modified system)
8.7 SIZING OF STACKS
8.7.1 Single stack systems
8.7.2 Single stack modified systems
8.8 VARIATIONS TO SINGLE STACK SYSTEMS
8.8.1 General
8.8.2 DN80 stack
8.8.3 DN 80 stack with the top section graded and installed in a domestic or residential building
8.8.4 DN 100 stack up to three floors with the top section graded and installed in a domestic or residential building receiving 30 fixture units
8.8.5 DN 100 stack of one floor with top section graded
8.8.6 Connection for multiple fixtures into or below a graded offset (DN 100 stacks) (see Figure 8.11)
8.8.7 Waste stack up to DN 100 with either graded or steep offset between the highest and lowest connections
8.8.7.1 Graded offsets
8.8.7.2 Steep offsets
8.8.8 DN 65 waste stack
8.8.9 DN 50 vertical section of stack
8.8.10 Connection at the change of direction in stack with top section graded
8.9 OFFSETS IN SINGLE STACK SYSTEMS ONLY
8.9.1 General
8.9.2 Steep offsets
8.9.3 Connection of laundry troughs to DN 100 stacks
8.9.4 Steep offsets below the lowest connection
8.9.5 Graded offsets
8.9.6 Connections above the offset
9 GENERAL INSTALLATION OF PIPEWORK
9.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
9.2 SUPPORT AND FIXING OF PIPEWORK
9.2.1 Brackets, clips and hangers
9.2.2 Prohibited supports
9.3 LOCATION
9.4 CONCEALMENT OF PIPES AND FITTINGS
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Extension of inspection openings
9.4.3 Structural concrete or brickwork
9.4.4 Dry wall construction
9.4.5 Multiple dwellings
9.4.6 Walk-in pipe ducts
9.4.7 Metal framework
9.5 TESTING AND INSPECTION OPENINGS
9.5.1 General requirements
9.5.2 Inspection opening size
9.5.3 Access to inspection openings
9.6 INSTALLATION OF COPPER AND COPPER ALLOY PIPES
9.6.1 Fixing
9.6.2 Expansion joints
9.6.2.1 General
9.6.2.2 Stacks
9.6.2.3 Graded discharge pipes
9.6.2.4 Bedpan sanitizer and washer
9.6.3 Freedom from restraint
9.7 INSTALLATION OF UPVC PIPES
9.8 INSTALLATION OF FRC PIPES
9.9 DISUSE OF SANITARY PLUMBING
9.10 IDENTIFICATION OF PIPES
9.11 INSTALLATION OF ABOVE-GROUND (ELEVATED) PIPEWORK AND CONNECTION OF FIXTURES USING DRAINAGE PRINCIPLES
9.11.1 General
9.11.2 Maximum length and size
9.11.3 Permitted installations
9.11.4 Installation
9.12 INSTALLATION OF BOUNDARY TRAPS, REFLUX VALVES AND GULLIES ABOVE GROUND WITHIN BUILDINGS
9.12.1 Boundary traps
9.12.2 Reflux valves
9.12.3 Gullies
9.13 MATERIALS AND METHODS OF JOINTING OF PIPES
9.13.1 General
9.13.2 Bolted gland joints (BG)
9.13.3 Rubber ring joints (RR)
9.13.4 Epoxy resin joints (ER)
9.13.5 Cement mortar joints (CM)
9.13.6 Silver brazed joints (SB)
9.13.7 Solvent cement joints (SC)
9.13.8 Threaded joints (TH)
9.13.9 Band clamped sleeve joints (BC)
9.13.10 HDPE joints
10 PUMPED DISCHARGE
10.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
10.2 GENERAL
10.3 COMPRESSED AIR EJECTION
10.4 EJECTOR VENT
10.5 WET WELLS
10.5.1 General
10.5.2 Construction
10.5.3 Materials
10.5.4 Base
10.5.5 Cover
10.5.6 Ladders
10.6 INSTALLATION OF PUMPS
10.6.1 General
10.6.2 Inlet to wet well
10.6.3 Venting
10.6.4 Sealing
10.7 PUMPED DISCHARGES OR RISING MAINS
10.8 PUMP DISCHARGE FROM WASTE FIXTURES
10.8.1 General
10.8.2 Holding tank
10.8.3 Provision of valves
10.8.4 Inlet
10.8.5 Outlet
10.8.6 Venting
10.8.7 Discharge pipe
10.9 SWIMMING POOL DISCHARGE
10.10 SMALL BORE MACERATOR SYSTEMS
10.11 ELECTRICAL CONNECTION
11 FIXTURES AND APPLIANCES
11.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
11.2 INSTALLATION OF FIXTURES FOR DISABLED PERSONS
11.3 GENERAL INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
11.3.1 Installation of fixtures
11.3.2 Position of fixture traps
11.3.3 Untrapped fixtures
11.3.4 Connection of combination fixture pairs
11.3.5 Connection of soil fixtures
11.3.6 Fixture grates
11.3.7 Sanitary flushing
11.3.8 Fixture discharge pipes
11.4 PLANT ROOMS
11.5 PRESSURIZED CHAMBERS
11.6 AUTOPSY TABLES
11.7 BAIN-MARIES AND BOILING WATER UNITS
11.8 BASINS
11.9 BATHS
11.10 BEDPAN WASHERS AND SANITIZERS
11.11 BIDETS
11.12 DENTAL UNITS
11.12.1 Single
11.12.2 Multiple
11.13 DRINKING FOUNTAINS
11.14 FOOD WASTE DISPOSAL UNITS (DOMESTIC TYPE)
11.14.1 General
11.14.2 Outlet connection
11.15 FLOOR WASTE GULLIES
11.16 REFRIGERATED AND DEEP-FREEZE CABINETS
11.17 SANITARY NAPKIN DISPOSAL UNITS
11.18 SHOWERS
11.18.1 Individual showers
11.18.2 Shower groups
11.18.3 Kerbing of shower groups
11.18.4 Prefabricated shower bases
11.19 SINKS
11.19.1 Kitchen sinks
11.19.2 Bar sinks
11.19.3 Cleaners’ sinks
11.20 SLOP HOPPERS
11.20.1 Installation
11.20.2 Connection
11.21 INSTRUMENT STERILIZERS AND AUTOCLAVES
11.22 CONNECTION OF TUNDISHES
11.23 DOMESTIC SWIMMING POOLS
11.24 TROUGHS
11.24.1 Ablution
11.24.2 Laundry
11.25 URINALS
11.25.1 Floor type
11.25.2 Wall-hung
11.26 WASHING MACHINES
11.26.1 Domestic clothes-washing machines
11.26.2 Domestic dishwashing machines (See Figure 11.1)
11.26.2.1 Discharge
11.26.2.2 Connection of outlet hose
11.26.3 Commercial dishwashing machines
11.26.4 Glass-washing machines
11.27 UNTRAPPED FLOOR DRAINS
11.27.1 General
11.27.2 Restrictions on use
11.27.3 Installation
11.27.4 Termination of discharge pipe
11.28 WATER CLOSET PANS
11.28.1 Connection
11.28.2 Installation
12 TESTING OF SANITARY PLUMBING AND SANITARY DRAINAGE INSTALLATIONS
12.1 SCOPE OF SECTION
12.2 SANITARY PLUMBING TESTING
12.3 SANITARY DRAINAGE TESTING
12.3.1 Water test
12.3.2 Air test
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX C
Amendment control sheet
AS/NZS 3500.2.2:1996
Amendment No. 1 (1999)
Revised Text
Amendment No. 2 (2002)
Revised Text
